Perforator for automatic telegraphs



(ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

T. M. POOTE.

PERFORATOR FOR AUTOMATIO TBLEGRAPHS. No. 270,774. Patented Jan. 16,1883.

N. PETERS. Phnloulhognphnr, Wa'hingion. 0.2

(ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2..

T. M. POOTE.

PBRFORATOR FOB. AUTOMATIC TELEGR-APHS. 1707270774.

HHWW" WWWIW (ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. M. FOOTE. PERPORATOR FOR AUTOMATIC TELEGR'APHS.

No. 270,774. Patented Jan.16.1883...

N. PE'I'ERS. Phnmulhe m hnr. Wanhinglou. D. c. j

model. 5Sheets-Sheet 4. T. M. FOOTE.

I PERFORATOR FOR AUTOMATAIO TELEGRAPHS. No. 270,774. Patented Jan. 16,1883'.

IHHW' M jli HUM IHIL HIH W I M} l lllli I III HMHLH ,IHHH I ill N.PETERS. Piwlmlllhagruphar. Wush'mglon. D.c.

(Model) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

T. M. POOTE.

PERPORATOR, FOR No. 270,774.

HIHH mm! lll' mum

AUTOMATIC TELBGRAPHS.

Patent-ed Jan.16,1883.

N. PETERS. Phnlo-Lithugnphcr, Washington, 0. c

UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

THEODORE M. FOOTE, oF'BBooKLYN, NEW

Y ORK.

PERFORATOR FOR AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPHS.

SP1;(LIIIFIGA'I.LION forming part of Letters Patent No. 2'70,774, datedJanuary 16, 1883,

Application filed April 27, 1882. (Modell To all whom it may concern:

7 Be it known that I, THEODORE M. Foorrn, of'Brooklyn, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented a new anduseful Improvement;in Perforators; and I do hereby'declare'that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to perforators of that 7 class used to punch thefillets employed in air tomatic telegraphy, and which are operatedwholly through keylevers. It is designed to punch a fillet in accordancewith the plan or method used in my improved system set forth thereceiving end also dots and dashes similar to those caused by theperforations.

To this end my invention consists, first, in the general organization ofthe machine, in which the main elements are three keys, a series ofpunches in one line, a fillet-moving mechanism, one of the three keysbeing in connection with and operating at each alternate depression asingle punch, and after eachdepression advancing the fillet forward asingle or 'dot space, a second key operating at each alternatedepression two punches,and after each depression moving the filletforward double the distance of the single or dot space, and a third keyconnected with or adapted to operate four punches, but operating themonly when depressed next in order after that depression of either of theother keys, and which moves the fillet, but does not punch, said thirdkey being also connected to the filletmoving mechanism in such a manneras to move the fillet four times the distance of the single or dotspace. This organization is designed to make, in accordance withthe'requirements of the-system above referred to, perforations adaptedrespectively to transmit impulses sufficient to cause a dot and a shortdash, indicating the parts of the integral perforations which representletters, and a longer group of perforations adapted to transmitacontinuous impulse, forming a space-dash between letters or words on thereceiving-fillet. At the same time the keys, by alternate depressions,move the paper without punching a distance adapted to causea breaksufficient to make the dot and dash which constitute the integralperforations representing letters, and also a space between letters andwords-that is to say, one key operates, for example, by its firstdepression, a single punch, and upon its return moves the strip forwarda space sufiicient to make a break in the line long enough to cause adot at the receiving end. A second key operates two punches, making twoholes in the fillet near enough to transmit an impulse adapted to causea short dash at the receiving end and move the paper upon its return. adistance twice that of the key first named, which space causes a breakthat records a like dash. The third key, on its depression, punches agroup of four holes, adapted to transmit a continuousimpulse, recordinga long dash, and upon its return moves forward the fillet a distanceequal to four times that of the first key, which quadrupled space formsa break, recording a like elongated dash. Further, each of the firstandsecond keys, while moving the fillet upon return from each depression,punches only alternately, whether one key be depressed successively ortwo be depressed alternately, so that in the formation of the integralperforations or the groups of perforations representing letters adot-perforation may be followed by a dot-blank or by a dash blank, and adash-perforation may be followed by a. dot-blank or a dash-blank.Further, if the third key, perforating four holes, be depressed aftereither of the others, it punches if the keylast moved has not punched,but moves the fillet its proper distance without punching if thepreceding key has punched; but if upon any depression the four-punch keyoperates the punches upop other or repeated depressions immediatelysucceeding the first, it continues to punch, forming a continued line ofclose perforations adapted to transmit an impulse to record a'dashbetween sentences. 0n the other hand, if the four-punch key upon anydepression moves the fillet Without punching, it continues so to do uponimmediately- IOU resents a side elevation of the instrument from theright, and Fig. 5, Sheet 2, a like view from the left. Fig. 6, Sheet 3,represents a section on line 00 w of Fig. 1. Fig. 7, same sheet, is arear view; Fig. 8, a detail of Fig. 7. Fig. 9,

Sheet 4, is a bottom view. Fig. 10, Sheet 5,

is a horizontal section on line y y of Fig. 6. Fig. 11, same sheet,represents details.

Referring to Fig. 1, punches are shown at 1., 2, 3, and 4. They movein'blocks 5 and 6, and are all retracted by a spring, 7, which passes infront of pins set in-the punches and projecting downward. The strip ofpaper passes through a guide, 9, on the right-hand side, between theblock 6 and a die, 8, and thence around behind the feed-wheel '10 andforward between it and the pressure-roller 11. The

punches are operated by means of pushers 12,

13, and 14, the pusher 12 being movedindependently by the first key,(marked A,) pusher 13 by the second key, (marked 13,) and carrying withit the first pusher by means of a pin, 15, set in the pusher 13 andworking in a slot, 16, of pusher 12, said slot being shown in Fig. 11,Sheet 5. The pusher 14 has a head broad enough to meet the punches 3 and4. It is moved by the key 0, and carries with it both of the otherpushers by means of the pin 15, before described, and the pin 17, set inpusher 14 andworking in a slot, 18, shown in Fig. 11, Sheet 5. The slots16 and 18 permit the pushers to move independently upon theirconnecting-pins, or to be moved by them, so that they may be operatedindependently or together in the manner described. The pushers are movedby arms 19, 20, and 21. They are shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 1, and in Fig.7, Sheet 3. These arms stand vertically in the rear part of the machine,being pivoted upon a rod, 22. The arm 19 is connected to a sleeve, 23,fixed to the end of the lever of key A. The arm 20 is fixed directly tothe lever of key B. The arm 21 is fixed toa sleeve, 24, which isattached to the lever of key 0, each forming with its key-lever a bellcrank-lever, and when its key is depressed is swung forward. The pushersare attached to the upper ends of their re-' spective arms by means ofbroad-headed pins passing through slots 25 in the rear ends of thepushers, these being necessary to permit the independent movementaforesaid. The key-levers are returned, after depression, by means ofsprings 26, as shown in Fig 9, Sheet 4,- and in Fig.6,Sheet 3. They bearupon 'pins set in the side of the levers.

The alternate vertical movement necessary to give alternate impulses tothe punches'is directly effected by a bell-crank lever, D, pivoted at27, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6. It is pivoted upon an arm, 28, on astandard set in the side of the frame. Thehorizontal end of it projectsinto the slot 29 of the pusher 12. The bell-crank is rocked by means of'a sinuous slot in a wheel, E, by means of a pin setin the lower end ofthe vertical arm of the bell-crank and projecting into the said slot.The wheel E is fixed upon the shaft 30, having its bearings in standardson the sides of the frame. Motion is im parted to this shaft th roughratchetwheels 31 32, fixed thereto. The ratchet-wheel 31 receives motionfrom a push-pawl, 33, and

is retained by a catch-pawl, 34. The pawl 33 is pivoted upon the arm19,Figs. 6 and 7, Sheet 3. There are as many teeth in the ratchet-wheel 31as there are points in the sinuous slotof the" wheel E, and themechanism is so adjusted that when the arm is moved forward it turns theratchet 31 so as to cause the periphery of the wheel E to move thedistance equal to the space between the centers of the oppositesuccessive projections of the sinuous slot. This, by means of thebell-crank lever, alternately lifts and depresses the pusher 12, and asthe other pushers are connected by means of the pins 15 and 17, theyrise and fall at the same time. The ratchet 31, however, communicatesmotion only from the key A. Motion from the municated by means of apush-pawl, 35, piv-' oted upon arm 20 and operating upon ratchet 32,also fixed to the shaft 30. The ratchet 32 has the same number of teethas ratchet 31, and they are similarly set. It will be observed,therefore, that whether the pawl 33 be operated by the key A twice insuccession, or whether it be operated once, followed-by depression ofthe key B and operation of the pawl 31, the action upon the bell-cranklever will be the same'-that is to say, it will, upon the firstmovement, move the pushers one-way, and upon the second, move them theother. The special office and action of the key O,h0W'- ever, requires adifferent construction of the parts which operate the bell-crank leverwhich lifts the pushers. To accomplish the resultrequired here-that isto say, to cause the key 0 to depress the pushers if moved nextaftereither of the other keys has raised them, or raise them next afterone of the other keys has depressed them, or to repeat, after successively depressed, its operation or non-operation upon the pushersIprovide a third and spe cial form of pawl. It will be understood thatthe wheel E is held by the various pawls heretofore described in theposition in which the has a plane face, as shown at 41, which, when thepawl is thrown backward by the spring 42, bears against the forward edgeof the arm 21, by which means,,when the key 0 is de pressed and the arm21 thereby thrown forward, it carriesforward the arm 38, with it thepawl 39, the latter moving the ratchet-wheel 32, and thereby the wheel Eone notch. This oscillates the hell-crank lever and raises or lowers thepushers according to the position of the lower end of the vertical partof said hell-crank lever in the sinuous or zigzag slot at the time whenthe movement last named commenced-thatis to say,if the vertical arm ofthe bell-crank were thrown to the left and the pushers therefore down,when said movement commences movement caused by the arm 21 will advancethe wheel-E one step and raise the pushers; but if the pushers were upat the commencement of said movement the movement would by likeadvancement of the wheelE one step throw them down; but the pawl 39 isalso provided with a pin, 43, Figs. 1, 4,'and 6, Sheets 1, 2, and 3,projecting laterally from its free end in a direction opposite theprojection 40. This pin, when the pawl 39 is thrown forward, comes incontact with the upper end of a spring-arm, 44. This springarm isprovided with a tooth, which catches into a notch in the wheel 45 uponthe sleeve, and prevents the sleeve with itsarm and pawl 39 from goingbackward. Thus while thearm 38 and pawl 39 are in this position repeatedmovements of the arm 21 do not operate the wheel to elevate or depressthe pushers. In order to release this pawlfi'rom its position, it

.is only necessary to depress one of the other keys and by the pawls 33or rotate the shaft 30. This causes the ratchet-wheel 32 to advance onestep, and the arm 40 to ride up on the tooth next behind it, whichleaves the pawl 39,- and by means ofthe pin 43 the springarm, out of thenotch, and allows the spring 42 to draw the arm 38 back. A wheel, 45,Figs. 1 and 4, Sheets 1 and 2, is fixed on the sleeve 37,- and againstits periphery a spur of the spring-arm 44 rests, holding said springarmback ready for connection with the pin 43. Light springs 46and 47 bearagainst the pawls 33 35, and another spring, 48, is-placed by the sideof the arm 19, as shown in Fig. 7, fixed at the lower end, with theupper end bearing against a pin in the rear end of the pusher 12, asshown in Fig. 1. By this spring the pusher 12 is retracted afterworking, and with it the other two, through the pins 15 and 17.

It is essential to the operation of the machine that the movement of thefillet shall take place immediately upon the rise of the keys. To thisend the depression of the keys is made to push back the pawl whichoperates the paper-moving roller 10, which pawl is operated directly'bya spring. This mechanism is operated by the arms 19, 20, and 21 comingin contact, when their respective keys are depressed, with the leve'r49.(Shown in Fig. 1 and fully in Fig. 10, Sheet 5. This lever is pivoted at50, and is thrown back by a spring,

' 51,- upon the backward movement of the arms 19, 20, and 21. The lever49 has a bent arm, 52, which is connected by a link, 53, to a lever, 54,pivoted on the shaft 55 of the wheel 10. Just above this lever is aratchet-wheel, 56, held to the shaft by a set-screw. The lever 54carries a pawl, 57, engaging with the teeth of the ratchet to rotate it.The ratchet is held by a stop-pawl, 5S.

It will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. 10, Sheet 5, that theposition of the arms 19, 20, and 21 is such as to give a varied amountofmovementto thelever 49 the amount increasing in the order specified fora given movement of the levers. The amount of move ment is preciselyregulated by means ofa stopblock, 59. (Shown in Figs. 4, 6, and 10.)This block is provided with a notch, as shown in Fig. 4, above which isa plane face. As the block stands when not depressed by key B the notchis on line with the lever 49; but the block is connected to the lever ofkey B, and when that key is depressed the block is drawn down, so thatthe face above the notch is opposed to the movement of the lever 49 andlimits its movement. When the key (3 is de-- pressed the lever 49 entersthe notch, and thus has an enlarged though still limited movement. Thesemovements give the amount of feed required tor the fillet by all thedifferent perforations and spaces. In order that backward movement ofthe lever 49 may be arrested long enough to allow the punches first tobe retracted from the paper,I provide a bell-crank lever, 60, pivoted at61, and having a hook upon its end engaging with teeth ab c on the endof the lever 49. The arm 62 of the bellcrank lever is thrown forward bya spring, 63, to bring the lever into engagement with the teeth. Thelever is thrown out of engagement by an arm, 6!, projecting upthrough aslotin the bed-plate. This arm is set in a block attached to the shaft65 on the under side of the machine, Fig. 9, Sheet 4. The shaft 65 isprovided with a frame, 66, Figs.5 and 9,the frameextendingacrorsunderihekey-levers,bymeans of which, wnen any one of thekeys is depressed, frame 66 is rocked and the arm 64 is tipped forward,allowing the spring 63 to throw the lever into engagement with the teethof lever 49. The movement is sutticient to take the arm 64 quite awayfrom the arm 62, and the distance to which it is removed is such thatupon its return, when the keys rise, it has to move a slight distancebefore acting upon the arm 62 to throw the bell-crank lever out ofengagement with the lever 49. This gives sufficient time for theretraction ot' the punches from the paper before the paper is fedforward. Vthen key A is depressed lever 60 hooks over the tooth c,and'the return of lever 49 moves the wheel 10 a space which I havecalled the dot-space, which is also sutficient for a single perforation.lVhen key B is depressed the engagement is withthe tooth b,

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and the retraction of the lever 49 moves the wheel 10 double this space.\Vhen key 0 is depressed engagement is with the tooth a, and themovement of the wheel 10 is four times this first space. Pressure-roller11 on the arm 67 is made to bear against the wheel 10 by means of aspring, 68. The fillet passes through a slot, 69, at the frontright-hand corner of the machine, being held down byalatch, 70. Thenceit passes in front of the punches, behind the die 8, and around theroller 10, between it and pressure-roller 11.

The gutter 72 in front of the machine conducts away the disks of paperas they are punched. The pressure-roller is spread from thedriving-roller by means of the cam '74, operated by means shown in Fig.3. v The keys may be operated either by the direct application of thefingers, or by small rubber-faced strikers adapted to beheld in thehands; or they may be operated by a plunger moved by compressed air, orby any other suitable and well-known mechanism.

I have shown the key 0 operating the four punchesplaced atone side; butit may be placed in the middle equally as well without any materialalteration of the parts, if the machine be intended-for those accustomedto that arrangement of the keys. This arrangement is shown in anapplication filed by me in the United States Patent Office on the 8thday of May, 1882, entitled Improvement in Pert'orators.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A perforator fortelegraphic fillets having as its main elements a series of punches inone line, a fillet-moving mechanism operating upon the retraction of thepunches a key-lever and an independent punch-pusher, and intermedi-.atemechanism between said pusher and the fillet-mover, wherebysa-idkey-lever punches upon each alternate depression only and moves thefillet on each depression a dot-space; asecond key-lever and a secondpunch-pushing device, with intermediate mechanism between said secondkey-lever and the second pushing device and the fillet-mover, wherebythe second lever operates two punches upon each alterna'e depressiononly, and operates the fillet-moving mechanism after each depressiontwice a dotspace; and a third key-lever,with a punch-pushing device, andintermediate mechanism between said third lever and the punch-pusher andfillet-mover, whereby the said third keylever is made to alternate inpunching with either of the others, but not alone, and to movethefi'llet with each depression four times the dot-space, all substantiallyas described.

2. In the described kind of perforator, a series ofpunches arranged in asingleline, punchpushers connected to each other and to the keylevers,so that one pusher may be moved alone or with the second and third, incombination with mechanism, connected also to the keylevers, forthrowing thepushers into and out of line with the punches upon alternatedepression of the keys, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the punches arranged in a single line, thepushers 12, 13, and 14, connected by the pins 15 and 17, working inslots in the arms of the key-levers, an arm for alternately elevatingand depressing the pushers, and intermediate mechanism between said armand the key-lever arms, whereby the position of the pushers is changedon each depression, substantially as described.

4. In the described form of perforator, aseries of punches in a singleline, a pusher, 12, operated by the keyA through lever and arm 19,asecond pusher, 13, connected to the pusher 12, and operated by key Bthrough lever and arm 20, a third pusher, 14, connected to pusher 13,and moved by key 0. through lever and arm 21, a guiding-arm to shift thepushers into and out of line with the punches, operated through a shaft,30, a pawl-and-ratchet connection with the key-lever arms, an arm, 38,loose on shaft 39, carrying a pawl adapted to be moved by the arm 21 ofkey 0, in combination with a catch mechanism adapted to hold arm 38 inits advanced position until tripped by the depression of key A or Bthrough the described mechanism, all as set forth.

5. In the described form of perforator, and in combination, key-leverspivoted at their rear ends, and having vertical arms 19, 20, and 21,springs for returning the key-levers after depression, pushers operatedby the arms, punch es operated by the pushers, a shaft provided with awheel operating thelever, which changes the direction of the pushers,and pawl-andratchet mechanism, whereby the arms cause the shaft torotate step by step, substantially as described.

6. In the described perforator, and in combination, the shaft 30,pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected therewith, and with the-arms of thekey-levers, the wheel E, having the zig zag groove, the bell-crank leverD, and the pushers, substantially as described.

7. In combination, in the pert'orator, the shaft 30, wheel E, bell-cranklever D, and pushers, ratchet-wheels 31 and 3 2, pawls 33 and 35, arms19 and 20, pawl 39 on the arm 33, and catch mechanism, all substantiallyas described.

8. In a perforator, and in combination, the described mechanism formoving the fillet, c0nsisting substantiallyot' the lever 49,set in frontof the arms 19, 20, and 21, having an arm and link connection with thepawl and ratchet, of the fillet-moving wheel and impelling-spring, acatch-lever adapted to catch into a series of notches, a b c, andatripping-lever, (i4, operated by any one of the keys, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of twosubscribing witnesses.

THEODORE M. FOOTE.

\Vitnesses:

OWEN MOBREEN, THEO. E. GREEN.

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